Overview
MOTS-c (mitochondrial open-reading-frame of the 12S rRNA type-c) is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal-RNA gene rather than the nuclear genome. It represents a class of mitochondrial-derived peptides that act as signaling molecules beyond the organelle itself. It is produced synthetically as a research reference peptide reproducing the endogenous sequence. Its dual mitochondrial-and-nuclear distribution is a recurring focus of the research literature.
Mechanism as studied
The research literature characterizes MOTS-c principally as an activator of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, a central cellular energy sensor. AMPK engagement is associated with modulation of the folate–methionine one-carbon cycle, promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis, and altered expression of metabolic and antioxidant genes in cultured cells. Under metabolic stress the literature describes translocation of the peptide to the nucleus, where it is reported to influence stress-adaptive and antioxidant-response gene programs. Its activity is characterized at the metabolic-signaling and gene-expression level.
Research context
Contexts in which this compound appears in the in-vitro and preclinical research literature:
- Cell culture: AMPK-pathway activation and downstream metabolic gene-expression endpoints.
- Rodent models of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance examining glucose-metabolism modulation.
- Studies of stress-induced nuclear translocation and antioxidant-response signaling.
- Mitochondrial-biogenesis and oxidative-metabolism characterization in cultured systems.
- Exercise-associated changes in peptide expression and signaling in preclinical models.
Handling & storage
Supplied as a lyophilized powder for laboratory reconstitution. Reconstitute with bacteriostatic water to the working concentration your protocol requires (e.g. adding 4 mL to the 40 mg vial yields 10 mg/mL). Add diluent slowly against the vial wall and swirl to dissolve; do not shake or vortex. Aliquot after reconstitution to minimize freeze–thaw cycles.
Store sealed lyophilized vials at −20 °C protected from light; refrigerate reconstituted material at 2–8 °C and avoid repeated freeze–thaw.
Certificates of analysis
Independent and in-house certificates published for this compound. Each reports identity and HPLC purity for the tested lot.
Order MOTS-c
Lot-traceable, certificate-backed, and shipped cold-chain from the US.
For research use only
This guide is reference material for qualified researchers. The compound is an analytical-grade reference material supplied strictly for in-vitro laboratory research and development — not a drug, supplement, or medical device, and not for human or animal consumption or any therapeutic, clinical, or diagnostic use. No medical claims are made or implied.
